Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) is an inorganic compound consisting of calcium and chlorine. It is a highly soluble salt commonly found in its hydrated forms, such as dihydrate (CaCl₂·2H₂O) and hexahydrate (CaCl₂·6H₂O).Known for its hygroscopic properties, calcium chloride is widely used for de-icing roads, controlling dust on unpaved roads, and as a desiccant.
Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) is a white, crystalline, inorganic compound highly soluble in water, often found in hydrated forms like dihydrate (CaCl₂·2H₂O) and hexahydrate (CaCl₂·6H₂O). It is produced primarily as a by-product in the Solvay process but can also be made by neutralizing hydrochloric acid with calcium hydroxide.
Chemical Properties:
- Anhydrous: 110.98 g/mol
- Dihydrate: 147.01 g/mol
- Hexahydrate: 219.08 g/mol
Occurrence and Production:
- Calcium chloride is produced mainly through the Solvay process, where it is a by-product. It can also be made by neutralizing hydrochloric acid (HCl) with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂).
- Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + 2H2O
Uses:
- De-icing and Dust Control: Applied to dirt roads to control dust.
- Desiccant: Used in drying tubes and drying agents due to its hygroscopic nature.
- Food Industry: Acts as a firming agent in canned vegetables and as a source of calcium in beverages.
- Medicine: Used in treating hypocalcemia and as an electrolyte in certain medical treatments.
Safety and Handling:
- Hazards: Calcium chloride is an irritant and can cause burns on contact with skin and eyes..
- Handling: Use personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves and safety goggles.
